
Other types of memory access fault are a bus error, which also includes several causes. Primarily, they arise due to many errors in pointers used for virtual memory addressing, specifically illegal access. Segmentation faults are a basic error class in programs specified in many languages such as C language that offers low-level memory access and some to know safety checks. In some cases, processes can install a signal handler, permitting them for recovering on their own, but otherwise, the default signal handler of the operating system is used, generally leading to the process's abnormal termination, and a core dump sometimes.
In response, the kernel of the operating system will usually implement a few corrective operations, generally passing that fault on to the offending process by transferring a signal to the process. It is a general protection fault form on standard x86 systems. Segmentation Fault or access violation ( segfault in short) is a failure condition or fault that is arisen by hardware with memory protection, alerting an operating system the software has attempted for accessing a restricted memory area (a memory access violation).
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